Research by Topic

For the past 50 years neurofeedback has been studied at colleges, prominent universities and private facilities throughout the world. SYMMETRY Neuro-Pathway Training provides evidenced-based research to support the efficacy of neurofeedback and to provide publications from top tier scientific journals. See below for recommended research articles.

Computer Feedback Can Help Students With ADHD Train Their Brains
Neurofeedback, a type of training using a computer program for children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), can contribute to lasting improvements for these children, according to a study in the March 2014 issue of Pediatrics, “In-School Neurofeedback Training for ADHD: Sustained Improvement From a Randomized Control Trial,” published online Feb. 17...

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Academic Resources

What is Neurofeedback?

In-School Neurofeedback Training Improves ADHD Symptoms

Brain training: The future of psychiatric treatment?

Neurofeedback gets you back in the zone

EEG biofeedback in the schools: The use of EEG biofeedback to treat ADHD in a school setting.

EEG biofeedback for the enhancement of attentional processing in normal college students.

Childhood trauma linked to impaired social cognition later in life for patients with major psychiatric disorders: Better understanding of the connection should lead to more effective interventions and treatments

Brain wave biofeedback: Benefits of integrating neurofeedback in counseling.

International Society of Neurofeedback & Research

ISNR Bibliography

The Brain that Changes Itself - Book

Science Daily - Mind Brain

Royle, O. R. (2026, February 25). Gen Z Olympic champion Eileen Gu says she rewires her brain daily to be more successful—and multimillionaire founder Arianna Huffington says it really does work. Fortune.

Kosto, D. (2025). From trauma to triumph: A mom’s mission with neurofeedback (Expanded ed.). SYMMETRY Neuro-Pathway Training.

Gazerani, P. (2025). The neuroplastic brain: Current breakthroughs and emerging frontiers. Brain Research, 1858, 149643.

The neuroplastic brain: current breakthroughs and emerging frontiers

ADHD

One Size Fits All? Slow Cortical Potentials Neurofeedback

Neurofeedback in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder — Different Models, Different Ways of Application

Pediatric Integrative Medicine Approaches to Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

EEG Biofeedback Therapy for ADHD: A Systemic Review

Evidence-Based Information on the Clinical Use of Neurofeedback for ADHD

Real-time fMRI neurofeedback in adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Electroencephalographic biofeedback in the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Functional magnetic resonance imaging investigation of the effects of neurofeedback training on the neural bases of selective attention and response inhibition in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Differential Efficacy of Neurofeedback in Children with ADHD Presentations

Anxiety & PTSD

Alpha Oscillation Neurofeedback Modulates Amygdalla Complex Connectivity and Arousal in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and the Efficacy of qEEG-Guided Neurofeedback Treatment: A Case Study

Using Neurofeedback to Lower Anxiety Symptoms Using Individualized qEEG Protocols: A Pilot Study

Biofeedback in the treatment of anxiety disorders

Neurofeedback with anxiety and affective disorders.

Autism Spectrum

Neuromodulation Integrating fTMS and Neurofeedback for the Treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Exploratory Study

Neurofeedback Outcomes in Clients with Asperger’s Syndrome

QEEG and VARETA based Neurophysiological Indices of Brain Dysfunction in Attention Deficit and Autistic Spectrum Disorder. (p.1-9)

Neurofeedback for autistic disorders: emerging empirical evidence,” in Imaging the Brain in Autism (p.10-37)

Using quantitative and analytic EEG methods in the understanding of connectivity in autism spectrum disorders: a theory of mixed over- and under-connectivity. (p.38-49)

The relative efficacy of connectivity guided and symptom based EEG biofeedback for autistic disorders

Brain Injury & Other Disorders

Neurofeedback and Traumatic Brain Injury: A Literature Review

Neurofeedback and Physical Balance in Parkinson’s Patients

Meta-Analysis of EEG Biofeedback in Treating Epilepsy

QEEG Guided Neurofeedback Therapy in Personality Disorders: 13 Case Studies

Attention network plays key role in restoring vision after brain damage: New study highlights the role of attention as a component of vision restoration training in hemianopia

Concussions loosen insulation around brain cells: Condition detected two weeks after concussion, when players said they felt ok

CDC Issues First Pediatric Concussion Treatment Guidelines

New guidelines for traumatic brain injury — Built with input from rehabilitation professionals: Clinical practice guideline for moderate to severe TBI

Dietary fiber reduces brain inflammation during aging

Binge drinking affects male and female brains differently

Increased cortical activation in cannabis users’ brains in resting state, research suggests

Upper Alpha Based Neurofeedback Training in Chronic Stroke: Brain Plasticity Processes and Cognitive Effects.

Foundation and Practice of Neurofeedback for the Treatment of Epilepsy.

Chemo Brain & Memory

Effects of Neurofeedback on Memory of Migraine Patient

The Effect of EEG Biofeedback on Reducing Postcancer Cognitive Impairment

‘Chemo brain’: Researchers identify physiological evidence of chemotherapy-induced changes in the brain

Brain Training May Help Clear Cognitive Fog Caused by Chemotherapy

Neurotherapy As a Catalyst in the Treatment of Fatigue in Breast Cancer Survivorship.

Study provides 10-year risk estimates for dementia, which may help with prevention in high-risk individuals who potentially could benefit from early targeted prevention

Dementia symptoms peak in winter and spring, study finds

Z-Score LORETA Neurofeedback as a Potential Therapy in Cognitive Dysfunction and Dementia

Sterman, M.B., & Egner, T. (2006). Foundation and practice of neurofeedback for the treatment of epilepsy. Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback, 31, 21-35.

Tuning Up the Old Brain with New Tricks: Attention Training via Neurofeedback

Depression, Addiction & Pain

Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Training of Amygdala Activity in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder

Neurofeedback Training for Opiate Addiction: Improvement of Mental Health and Craving

Neurofeedback as a Treatment for Impulsivity in a Forensic Psychiatric Population With Substance Use Disorder: Study Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Trial Combined With an N-of-1 Clinical Trial

Environmental Toxins

Environmental Health Questionnaire

General Health

Why we stick to false beliefs: Feedback trumps hard evidence New study finds that feedback rather than hard evidence makes us more confident that we’re right.

More Bad News About Benzos

One in four older adults prescribed a benzodiazepine goes on to risky long-term use: Researchers call for clinicians & patients to ‘begin with the end in mind’ with sedatives like Valium or Xanax for anxiety, sleep issues & more

Medical cannabis effective in treating a wide range of health conditions.

Neurofeedback induces changes in white and gray matter.

Insomnia & Sleep Disorders

Insomnia is graded at a Level 3: Probably Efficacious Multiple observational studies, clinical studies, wait-list controlled studies, and within-subject and intrasubject replication studies that demonstrate efficacy. Here are a number of studies discussing neurofeedback.

Neurofeedback for insomnia: a pilot study of Z-score SMR and individualized protocols.

The use of EEG theta biofeedback in the treatment of a patient with sleep-onset insomnia.

The significance of sigma neurofeedback training on sleep spindles and aspects of declarative memory.

Instrumental conditioning of human sensorimotor rhythm (12-15 Hz) and its impact on sleep as well as declarative learning.

Biofeedback of EEG alpha in the treatment of obsessive ruminations: An exploration.

Differential shaping of EEG theta rhythms.

Effects of sensorimotor EEG feedback on sleep and clinical manifestations of epilepsy.

Facilitation of spindle-burst sleep by conditioning of electroencephalographic activity while awake.

Enhancing sleep quality and memory in insomnia using instrumental sensorimotor rhythm conditioning.